Background Reading:

J. Boone Bartholomees, Jr., "Appendix II: Guidelines for Strategy Formulation," in U.S. Army War College Guide to National Security Issues, Volume II: National Security Policy and Strategy, 3rd Edition, ed. J. Boone Bartholomees, Jr. (U.S. Army War College, 2008), 275-280, available at: http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/pub871.pdf.

Michael Donley, Rethinking the Interagency System (Hicks & Associates Occasional Paper #05-01, 2005), available at http://www.ndu.edu/ITEA/storage/642/Rethinking%20the%20IA%20System.pdf.

Michele Flournoy and Shawn Brimley, "Strategic Planning for National Security: A New Project Solarium," Joint Forces Quarterly 41 (Spring 2006), 80-86, available at: http://www.ndu.edu/inss/Press/jfq_pages/editions/i41/i41_iad_01.pdf.

Aaron Friedberg, "Strengthening U.S. Strategic Planning," The Washington Quarterly 31, no. 1 (Winter 2007/2008), 47-60, available at: http://www.twq.com/08winter/docs/08winter_friedberg.pdf.

Walter Leach, "The National Security Community, Revisited," in U.S. Army War College Guide to National Security Issues, Volume II: National Security Policy and Strategy, 3rd Edition, ed. J. Boone Bartholomees, Jr. (U.S. Army War College, 2008), 15-28, available at: http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/pub871.pdf.

Gabriel Marcella, "Understanding the Interagency Process: The Challenge of Adaptation," in Affairs of State: The Interagency and National Security, ed. Gabriel Marcella (Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 2008), 1-52, available at http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/Pubs/display.cfm?pubid=896.

President’s Special Review Board, The Tower Commission Report (1987).

Project on National Security Reform, "Part II: Description and Historical Background of the System" and "Appendix 6: Current National Security Processes," in Forging a New Shield (2008), 19-82; 575-602, available at: http://pnsr.org/data/files/pnsr%20forging%20a%20new%20shield.pdf.

Marybeth P. Ulrich, "National Security Powers: Are the Checks in Balance?" in U.S. Army War College Guide to National Security Issues, Volume II: National Security Policy and Strategy, 3rd Edition, ed. J. Boone Bartholomees, Jr. (U.S. Army War College, 2008), 67-83, available at: http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/pub871.pdf.

Alan G. Whittaker, Frederick C. Smith and Ambassador Elizabeth McKune, The National Security Policy Process: The National Security Council and Interagency System, November 15, 2008 Update (Washington, DC: Industrial College of the Armed Forces, National Defense University, 2008), available at http://www.ndu.edu/icaf/publication/nsc/docs/icaf-nsc-policy-process-report-11-2008.pdf.

Anthony R. Williams, "The Appropriate Role of Intelligence in the Making of National Security Policy," in U.S. Army War College Guide to National Security Issues, Volume II: National Security Policy and Strategy, 3rd Edition, ed. J. Boone Bartholomees, Jr. (U.S. Army War College, 2008), 113-118, available at: http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/pub871.pdf.